The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.